When is Chemotherapy Recommended?

• Before surgery (neoadjuvant therapy): To shrink tumors.

• After surgery (adjuvant therapy): To eliminate microscopic cancer cells and prevent recurrence.

• For advanced or metastatic cancer: To control growth and prolong life.

• For blood cancers: Such as leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma.

• For symptom relief (palliative): To reduce pain, bleeding, or obstruction caused by tumors.

Benefits of Chemotherapy

• Effective against both localized and widespread cancers.

• Can be combined with other treatments for better results.

• Sometimes the only treatment option for blood cancers.

• Can shrink tumors quickly, improving symptoms.

Risks and Side Effects

Chemotherapy drugs affect healthy cells too, especially those that divide rapidly (like hair, blood, and gut lining). Side effects vary by drug and patient, but may include:

• Fatigue

• Hair loss

• Nausea and vomiting

• Mouth sores

• Increased risk of infections

• Anemia and low platelet counts

• Fertility issues (in some cases)

Most side effects are temporary and manageable with supportive medicines.

Cost of Chemotherapy in India

Chemotherapy cost in India depends on the type of drug, number of cycles, hospital, and supportive care required.

Table 1: Average Chemotherapy Cost in India

Factors Affecting Chemotherapy Cost

1. Type of drug – patented drugs are costlier than generics.

2. Number of cycles – some regimens last 3–6 months or more.

3. Hospital type and city – metro hospitals with advanced facilities may charge more.

4. Supportive care – blood tests, imaging, growth factors, and ICU stay add to costs.

5. Combination therapy – often given along with radiation, surgery, or targeted drugs.