Symptoms/Conditions Addressed

• Blood in urine (hematuria)

• Painful urination

• Frequent urinary infections

• Urinary obstruction or retention

• Recurrent or aggressive bladder tumors

Types of Cystectomy

1. Partial Cystectomy

   • Only part of the bladder with the tumor is removed

   • Preserves bladder function in select cases

2. Radical Cystectomy

   • Entire bladder removed along with surrounding organs

   • In men: bladder, prostate, and seminal vesicles

   • In women: bladder, uterus, ovaries, and part of the vagina

3. Robotic-Assisted Cystectomy

   • Performed using minimally invasive robotic techniques

   • Allows precision, less blood loss, and quicker recovery

Urinary Diversion Options After Cystectomy

• Ileal conduit (urostomy): Segment of intestine used to divert urine to an external stoma bag

• Neobladder reconstruction: Artificial bladder created from intestine, allowing near-normal urination

• Continent reservoir: Internal pouch made from bowel with catheter-based emptying

Procedure Overview

1. Pre-operative Evaluation

   • Imaging: CT, MRI, PET scans for staging

   • Biopsy and pathology confirmation

   • General health assessment

2. During Surgery

   • Performed under general anesthesia

   • Bladder removed (partial or radical depending on indication)

   • Urinary diversion constructed

3. Post-operative Care

   • Hospital stay: 7–14 days

   • Catheter and stoma care education

   • Pain management, antibiotics, and physiotherapy

   • Regular follow-ups for cancer surveillance and functional adaptation

Benefits of Cystectomy

• Life-saving in muscle-invasive bladder cancer

• Prevents cancer recurrence or spread

• Improved quality of life with modern urinary diversion techniques

• Robotic approaches reduce pain and speed up recovery

Cystectomy Cost in India

Table 1: Average Cystectomy Cost in India

Factors Affecting Cost

1. Type of cystectomy – Partial, radical, or robotic-assisted

2. Urinary diversion method – Ileal conduit, neobladder, or continent reservoir

3. Stage and spread of bladder cancer

4. Hospital infrastructure – Super-specialty oncology centers may charge more

5. Surgeon’s expertise and technology used

Who Should Consider Cystectomy?

• Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer

• Those with high-risk or recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer not responding to BCG therapy

• Individuals with severely damaged bladder from radiation, infections, or trauma

• Candidates referred by urologists or oncologists after thorough staging and evaluation